Internal-cohbustion engine



Jan. 9, 1923. 1,441,329

J L. CATO. INTERNAL CoMBusTloN ENG NE.

FrLED AUG. 25, 1919V 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Patented Jan. 9, 1923.

UNITED STATES4 PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH L. CATO,-OF ELMHURST, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO L-W-F ENGINEERING- COMPANY INC.,` OF COLLEGE POINT, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

.Application filed August 25, 1919.

T all whom t may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH L. Cairo, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elmhurst, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the follow-v supplying any pressure needed upon the fuel supply tank.

2.5 Further objects of my invention will appear from the detailed description there-of contained hereinafter. l While my invention is capablevof being carried out in many different ways, for the kpurpose of illustration I have shown only certain .ways of carrying out the same in the accompanying drawings, infwhichv Fig. 1 is a vertical section of an engine made in -accordance-with my invention, and

Fig. 2 is a similar section showing a modified form thereof.

In the drawings I have shown a double opposed four cycle internal combustion enginecomprising two cylinders 1 and 2-con nected together by means of a crank casing 3 having Abearings/1 to receive a crank shaft 5 connected by connecting rods 6 and 7 to pistons 8 and 9 respectively located. in the cylinders 1 and 2. r'The cylinders 1 and 2 are constructed in the usual way so as to supply a fuel mixture and exhaust thc products of combustion therefrom after electric ignition therein. For this purpose the cylinders 1 and 2 may be provided with` fuel inlet pipes 10 and 11 controlled by valves 12 and 13 and exhaust pipes 14 and 15 controlled by valves 16 and 17. The fuel mixture in the cylinders maybe ignited by means of spark plugs 18 and 19. Inasmuch Serial No. 319,761.

as the casing 3, capable of confining air `under pressure entirely encloses the space between the inner ends of the cylinders 1 and 2 air will be compressed therein upon .the inward movement of the pistons 8 and 9, the air for this purposehaving been admitted to the casing 3 through openings 20 and 21 in the cylinders 1 and 2 when the pistons 8 and 9 are at the extreme outer ends of their paths of movement. When said pistons 8 and Q begin to move inwardly however, the inner ends of said pistons will cover the openings 2O and 21 and the compressed air which remains in the casing 3 will not be allowed to escape until the pistons 8 and 9 have reached the inner ends of `their paths. At this point however the outer ends of the pistons 8 and 9 will register with the openings 20 and 21 so that openings 22 and 23 located in the pistons at this point will convey the air from the interior of said cylindersto the outside of said cylinders through the openings 20and 21. A portion of the air which is compressed in the casing 3 however passes out from the same by means of a pipe 2e receiving pressure from the space between the inner ends of the cylinders and having a check valve 25 to a gasoline tank 26 used for supplying fuel to the engine whose Carburettor and connections are not shown. Another portion ofthe air compressed in the casing 3 is conveyed therefrom by a pipe 27 having a check valve 28 to an oil tank 29 which is provided with an automatic relief valve SO to relieve any excessive pressure accumulating therein.

Oil is supplied from the tank 29 by apipe y 31 to two pipes 32 and 33 which lead to the bearings 4L and in'addition to two pipes 34- and 35 which lead to the cylinders 1 and 2 for lubricating these parts of the engine. v

The modification of my invention shown in Fig. 2 is constructed the same as the form of my invention previously described exceptythat, in this instance, there are two cyline ders 36 and 37 which are supplied respectively with air cooling vanes 38 and 39 to provide external air cooling in addition to the internal air cooling.

In the operation ofthe form of my invention shown in Fig. 1 the reciprocation of the pistons 8 and 9 due to the inlet ofthe fuel mixture `and the explosion thereof will bring about the compression of the air inthe Cfr crank casing 8 Which air has been admitted thereto through the openings 2O 21. The feeding in ot this air willv have coo".- ing` eilie'ct upon the interior et the piston and Acylinders l 2. llillien the and pistons 8 and 9 are at the inner ends oit' their paths the air which has been so compressed will be fed outwardly from said cylinders so as to again exercise cooling effect upon the saine. inasmuch as this air is always in contact with the inner surfaces ot the cylinders 1 and 2 there will be an extraordinarily effective vair cooling` as these are the hottest parts oit' the engine while the same is operation. Independently ot' the cooling system a portion oi? the air which is so compressed is preferably utilized to place the fuel in the gasoline main supply tank under pressure and another portion thereof Ais shown as utilized to eiiectively lubricate the different parts of the engine requiring lubrication.

The modified form oit my invention shown in Fig 2 operates in the same manner except that in' this instance in addition to the internal cooling there is an external cooling of the same due to the presence ot the iins 38 and 3S) upon the external sur-faces Y of the saine.

An engine constructed in this manner will operate with extraordinary efficiency as the parts thereof are very effectively cooled and the weight of the engine is coinparatively small. The air compressed in the cra-nlrca'se and released through the openings near the head of the piston cools the yunder side oi' 'the head by flowing against it and the cooling fin attached to it and by 4flowing over the interior of the piston skirt. Y

While I have described my invention above in detail I wish it to be understood that there may be many changes made therein without departingl from the spirit thereof.

an opening passinglaterally therethrough adapted to register periodically with the cylinder opening.

2. An internal combustion engine of the double opposed type, each of the units having a piston and a cylinder, means for sup-v plying air to the interior of both at points outside the combustion chamber so as to cool the engine, the inner ends of the two cylin-A ders being connected together but closed from the outer air, and an oil feeding means receiving pressure rom the space between lthe inner ends of the cylinders for lubricatthe inner ends of the cylinders fory lubricfit-i ing the engine.

e. An internal combustion engine' of the double opposed type,reachl of the 'units having a cylinder, a piston, means for supplying air to the interior of both at points outside the combustion chamber so as to cool the engine comprising an opening connecting the interior of the cylinder with the outer air adapted to be covered Vand uncovered by the piston, the inner ends of the two cylinders being connected togetherwbut' i closed from the outer air, andk an oil feed-v between the inner ends of the ycylinders for lubricating the engine.

5. An internal combustion engine of the double opposed typ-e, each of the units having a cylinder, a. piston, means lfor supply-v ing air to the interior of both at points `outside the combustion chamber so as to'coO-l the engine comprising an opening` lconnecting means receiving pressure from the spaceing the interior of the cylinder with the outerair adapted to be' covered'. and uncovered by the piston, saidpiston having an opening passing laterally therethrough adapted to registerl periodically with the' cylinder opening, the inner ends of the two cylinders being connected together but closed' from the outer airQandvan' yoil yfeeding means receiving pressure from the space between the inner ends ofthe cylinders for lubricating the engine.

6.' An internal combustionengine having a piston and a cylinder, means forV supply-vv ing air totlieinterior of both at .points outside the combustion chamber so? as to cool the engine, and means for utilizing saidair to t'eed oil vitor lubricating the engine;

T. An internal combustion engine of the double opposed type, each of tlieunits having a piston. a, cylinder, a crank case-capablev ot confining air under'piessure', aiuel supply tank, means for utilizing said Aairfto feed liquid fuel from said supply tanli ,and' means for ,utilizing said air to eedoi'l for lubricating the engine.

ln testimony that l have hereunto set my hand this 24th ot July, 1919.

Josnrii LfoATo.

lfk claim i ythe liforegoingv', l

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